Discuss Karl Marxs critique of capitalism Assignment

Discuss Karl Marxs critique of capitalism - Assignment Example Similarly, Thomas Hobbes’s renowned publication, the â€Å"Leviathan† claims that a valid government is that which unifies the collective will of the majority and unites them under the authority of sovereign power. Though all the three theories have some similarities, their areas of specialization are different. For instance, they all assert that there should be absolute governments though the theories highlight different specializations in regard to the stated governments. The concept of alienation and class inequality focuses more on the relationship between labor and human expression under capitalism. Under this concept, the workers are alienated from their labor since it no longer belongs to the workers but rather to the capitalists. The workers do as at the demands of capitalist rather than to satisfy their own needs. As far as class inequality is concerned, Marx argues there would be more and more members of society becoming proletarians if communism is not going to be practiced (Gergen 23). He further argues that because capitalist are continually accumulating capital, few capitalist exploiting a large number of poor proletarians who are subsisting on low wages will eventually characterize society. This would in turn encourage two social classes: the capitalist (rich) and the proletariat (poor). Communism can help solve the issue of class inequality and alienation the society faces today. Through communism, all goods and services are shared and as such, every need is met. Communism helps to eradicated poverty since no gets rich (Marx 16-40). At a personal level, class inequality and alienation is something that I undergo on my daily life. For instance, because I come from a middle class as the society stratifies, I cannot freely go into a five star hotel and bond freely with other citizens since I am considered not of the status. As far as

Sociology of Prostitution Essay Example for Free

Sociology of Prostitution Essay Prostitution is one topic in which the causes have been debated by many. There are three theories that I will discuss throughout this paper. The theories include a functionalist, feminist, and social psychological view of the subject. The argument that appears more correct is a matter of opinion. The functionalists believe there are two main reasons why a person would become a prostitute. The first reason deals with sexual morality. To break it down further the argument is that our sexual morality system, while condemning prostitution, actually and inadvertently encourages it. We live in a society that encourages the belief that sex with a spouse is â€Å"meaningful† while sex with a prostitute is â€Å"meaningless. † This idea may actually encourage men to seek sex with a prostitute if all they want is meaningless sex. Additionally certain sex acts, such as oral copulation or anal sex, are considered immoral by our society. This means that the common belief among society is that these acts should not be done with their spouse. This may motivate men who desire these acts to seek the services of an immoral prostitute. Another reason proposed by the functionalist is the belief that prostitution actually serves to strengthen sexual morality. Basically the sex industry keeps the â€Å"respectable† women pure because men can satisfy their immoral sexual desires elsewhere. There is some evidence to support the functionalist view of prostitution. Studies have shown that in certain societies such as traditional Asian societies where prostitution is prevalent, respectable women are less likely to engage in immoral sex acts. Read more:  Essay on Prostitution On the other hand many western societies where prostitution is less common, respectable women are more likely to engage in immoral sex acts. Now let’s look at the feminist view. Feminist believe that the functionalist theory is nothing more then a reflection of our society’s sexist views. They believe that the men partaking in the acts are just as immoral as the prostitutes themselves. They take their argument a step further by suggesting that the topic of prostitution is a small part of the larger patriarchal system in which men dominate the exploited women. Feminist also argue that society teaches boys to dominate girls and are expected to continue this behavior into adulthood. On the other hand society teaches girls to be submissive to boys, and to remain that way into adulthood. To prove this the feminist point out that prostitution is more prevalent in societies in which there is a greater presence of gender inequality. The basic idea is that prostitution and a male patriarchy support each other. This is because prostitution supports and encourages the idea that all women can be bought or are less valuable then men. Finally let’s look at the Social Psychological Theory. This theory argues that there are three main reasons why some women become a prostitute. First are predisposing factors such as parental neglect, child abuse, or some other traumatic event. Attracting factors such as the belief that a women can have an easy life or make allot of easy money as a prostitute. And precipitating factors, such as unemployment, peer pressure, or other outside influences. While predisposing factors may cause a women to consider becoming a prostitute, it is unlikely she will actually become one without some of the other listed factors. In my opinion each theory states a very convincing argument. It is difficult to remain unbiased when thinking of this topic due to our personal beliefs. Although the supporters of each theory may not want to admit it, the fact is that if you look close enough you will see they all say the same basic thing. This one thing is the fact that prostitution is not merely an issue that involves prostitutes; it involves all of society and many outside influences.

Is Stereotyping Contagious? Essay -- essays research papers fc

Is Stereotyping Contagious? "Recent research indicates that the gap between male and female students' mathematics achievement is gradually beginning to diminish (Gutbezahl, 1995); however, female students are still underrepresented in advanced mathematics classes as well as in careers involving mathematics (Kerr,1994; Stage & Maple, 1996)" (Drzewiecki and Westberg 1). This should concern society including parents, teachers, and students. Carmen Keller is one that has explored the topic of a male driven mathematical field. The goal in her article, " Effect of Teachers' Stereotyping on Students' Stereotyping of Mathematics as a Male Domain" is to discover and prove one aspect to this male domain. This being, students of teachers who tend to stereotype mathematics also tend to stereotype mathematics. Throughout the entire article, Keller supports her thesis very well. The data she uncovers and develops is reliable, because she considers and eliminates features that could possibly factor into her research. She controls external and internal influences such as: school grade, school track, previous achievement; and interest and self-confidence, respectively. Great research data and analysis helps the reader feel supported and the logical information helps connect society and sciences. The following information is a summary of the data and interpretations provided in Carmen Keller's article found in The Journal of Social Psychology. Keller examines an internal influence that effects education, students' perception of mathematics as a male domain. With support of other research she provides, in short, the students' beliefs and their performance are correlated. Meaning that when comparing graphs of student beliefs on gender success in mathematics and actual success, the graphs follow a similar pattern. Through personal experience, I have found this to be true. Students that have positive views about a particular subject tend to be more interested, thus performing better. This also works on the other end of the spectrum. Negative views deem less effort, which produces results below possible accomplishment. The student is not all at fault for these beliefs; they are influence by an outside source in some way. Whether this outside influence is a fellow student, parents, siblings or teachers I feel I still need some more proof. Keller is tryi... ...nces that she did not control. Carmen Keller's article was very informative. Some of the data may have been slightly complicated for an average consumer, not educated in statistics. I have always questioned why I have found more males in my math classes throughout my education and while researching my possible mathematical careers. Now, after reading Keller's article, I have more of an understanding about one of the contributing factors found in the gender-divided mathematical field. Works Cited Drzewiecki, L. and Westberg, K. "Gender Differences in High School Students' Attitudes Toward Mathematics in Traditional Versus Cooperative Groups." The National Research Center on the Gifted and Talented. 1997, Spring Newsletter. Gutbezahl, J. "How Negative Expectancies and Attitudes Undermine Females' Math Confidence and Performance: A Review of the Literature." ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 380 279. 1995. Kerr, B., "Smart girls too." Ohio Psychological Press 1994. Stage, F. K., and Maple, S. A., "Incompatible Goals: Narratives of Graduate Women in the Mathematics Pipeline." American Educational Research Journal (1996): 33, 23-51.

Nelly Concert Essay -- essays research papers

Nelly Concert   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On Monday March 25, some members of the baseball team, my girlfriend, and I traveled to Murray State University to watch a concert performed by Nelly and the St. Lunatics. It was a terrible night to go anywhere because it was raining and storming the whole way, but there was nothing that was going to stop us from going to the concert. We where all so hyped up about it and couldn’t wait to head out. My brother, who attends Murray State, had gotten us excellent seats about seventy-five feet away from the stage.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We got to the Murray about twenty minutes before the concert started. So we headed in to find our seats and wait for the opening band to come out and perform. At about five after eight, the lights went out and it was time for the concert to start. Two guys came out on stage and started to sing. The two guys called themselves Core Project. I thought that this band was pretty awful. I could not understand one word they said the entire time they were on the stage. They just tried to be like every other band to come out right now. They didn’t offer anything different or unique. I must not have been the only one that thought they were bad because there were many people booing and yelling out â€Å"you suck† while they where on stage. After about a twenty minute performance they left the stage and another band came out to perform.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The next band to come out was a group called Thr...

Introduction to children and young people

These include rooting, sucking, swallowing, grasping, and stepping ND startle reflex. Babies are helpless when they are born and they don't have very much muscular co-ordination. They are able to focus their eyes very quickly and follow sound from side to side as well as being able to cry and make gurgling sounds Soon the muscles begin to strengthen and babies start to control their movements. This allows them to begin exploring their environment and learn how their world operates. Physical control and co-ordination progress downwards, beginning with the head and moving through the neck, trunk arms and the legs.Muscle control 0-3 years: 2 Months – able to raise head when lying on stomach Months- can grasp objects using whole hand 6 Months- Can sit up without support 8 Months – Can start to crawl 12 Months – can walk without help 18 Months- Can climb stairs and run but often falls 2 Years – Can controls muscles which allow for toilet training and can climb on furniture and kick a ball but not yet catch one 3 Years- can Jump and ride a tricycle Intellectual – means the development of the mind and lets us to recognize, remember, reason, know and understand thing around us.We also develop communication skills which allow us to make ourselves understood and to develop relationships. As children interact with the environment they slowly organism their thoughts and develop a set of Reposes for dealing with the world. These become adapted as new experiences occur giving us all a better understanding of our world. Language development is another part of intellectual development; children should know at least six works by 18 months.Most one-years-olds should be able to name simple objects and by the age of two most are able to put two or three words together into a simple sentence. By the age of three, most speech should be understandable and children should be able to speak in complete sentences. Emotional- at the age of one babies are able to learn about the effect their behavior has on their parents/guardians and can express emotions through tears, laugher and facial expressions At two years of age toddlers are known for their temper tantrums â€Å"terrible two's† as they struggle to express how they feel.They are able to show things to a certain degree, which is often expressed through play. At the age of three, children are more sensitive to others feelings and will share their toys with others and take it in turns to play with toys. They are interested in having friends and his is often when children start nursery or playgroup Social – Social development is similar to emotional development, young children from friendships and tends to show preferences for particular people.Language skills are important in the development of this relationship and, as children develop, they are more able to express their feeling verbally. Contact between ages is part of a normal family life and children benefit f rom spending time with both older and young people. Most children start nursery at this age and this provides an opportunity for them to share time with different age groups. Childhood 3- 11 years physical- growth continues really fast during childhood, although not as fast as in the first three years, and body proportions as beginning to be more adult-like.Gross and fine motor skills are becoming more advanced, like tying shoes, making and decorating a cake, playing football, building a musical instrument, throwing a ball and gymnastics Intellectual – as children get older they are able to do more logical activities. That begins to understand different concepts but often need to actually see concrete objects in order to understand them. As a child progresses through this tag they become fluent in language and may develop a good vocabulary. They become able to construct sentences and use grammar well.Moral development is something that begins during this phase. This is the pr ocess by which children take on rules and expectations of the society in which they brought up and develop a sense of right and wrong Emotional – as children progress through this stage they begin to lose the bounds with their main careers although they still need their support. They begin to be more independent and start to develop a sense of ‘sense' Most of our emotional responses are learned from our parents/guardians.All children learn to control of their emotional Reposes and to resolve conflict and parents/guardians should praise them when this occurs while trying to understand the temper tantrums of frustration that do occur. Children begin to show signs of compassion and empathy and again careers need to encourage this. During this stage children also develop the ability to talk about their feelings. Even at a young age children will say things such as ‘l feel sad' or ‘that makes me happy'. Social- as children develops into social beings they go thro ugh what us termed oscillations.Primary solicitation takes place within the family although there as many different types of family. Relationship with people outside the family becomes more important as children move through this stage. Teenagers 11-19 years Physical- at puberty, chemicals in your body called hormones trigger many changes, including growth spurts and weight increases, and boys and girls begin to change and look different as they grow into young woman and men. Intellectual- ideas about religions and politics may also begin to think about as their minds become more complex. Long term memory develops which enables teens to study for pass exams.Adolescents are able to start thinking about possibilities for both their immediate and long-term futures and plan ahead. Decisions such as whether or not to continue in education or to go out to work may be options for some. Emotional- often teenagers alternate from behaving like children and then behaving as adults. They also o ften feel misunderstood and may challenge parental value, deliberately pushing against boundaries which are often perceived as too restrictive or controlling. Teenagers become less dependent on family for emotional support and urn to their friends for advice, which is called influence of a peer group.Young people want to be accepted by their friends and this can sometimes lead to difficult situations, affecting both self-esteem and self-concept. Social- social and emotional developments are intertwined. As teenagers gain independence, they spend more time with friends. This allows them to practice social skills. As teenagers turn more to their peers they often struggle because they want to be liked. Peer recognition is very important and things like the types of clothes and interest that are followed become significant.Peer pressure can also present difficulties as it can challenge many of the ideas learned from families. This can be a period during which problems can start by exper imenting with alcohol, sexual orientation and attitudes toward education. 2. Know the factors that affect children and young people's development 2. 1 identify the factors that affect children's and young people development to include: Background health environment Income- An income is the amount of money an individual has pay to provide everything they need in there life.This usually comes from paid employment or infinite an individual may receive from the government. Housing- where your life affects a lot of an individual's growth and development, some people live in cities, towns, some live in the suburbs and some live in rural areas. There are different types of places that you live in that can affect your health and wellbeing. Housing standards have improved a lot in the I-J but there are still people who live in poor housing. Environment- as well as the type of home you live in, the local environment and your community also affect your growth and development.Other environmenta l actors can include living in overcrowded areas with no recreation spaces, living close to busy roads which are noisy, living near sources of pollution or living a long way from health and welfare services. Many areas have high crime areas which is very dangerous and stressful Education- education affects development mainly because it affects Job opportunities. Higher educational achievement usually gives individuals more choice of the types of career or employment they can follow in the I-J, education is compulsory between the ages of 5 and 16, although many people study ended the age.Culture- people are categorized by themselves and others in different ways for example, race, social class, ethnicity or religion. Sometimes this can lead to stereotyping and people may make generalizations about other based on, for example, the types of clothing they wear. Gender- gender stereotypes as also reinforces by the types of Job people are directed to. For example, the health and social car e sector is mainly staffed by woman although today many more men are choosing Jobs in this area. Once in working there are employment laws against discrimination. 3. Know how to support children and young people's development. . 1 outline different ways to support children and young people's development to include; physical development communication intellectual development social, emotional and behavioral development Play is a big role in children's and young people's development. There are different ways in using language, verbal ways which are to question, clarify, describe, explain and debate. There is also nonverbal ways to communicate, like listening, looking and touching. Talking to your child, tell your child what is going to happen for example now we're going to have a bath.When we are dry, we'll get dressed â€Å"parents can start reading with simple board books and longer stories as their child gets older. Story times where they can use their imagination and have input i n their stories are also effective. Music is also good play to young children; they will interact with the music by dancing and try to sing to the words. When they listen to lively songs or rhymes they learn about the world around them and the rhythm of language. Repeat their statements back to them with correct words. Give your child lots of praise for heir efforts.Physical Children develop at different rates while some are naturally late bloomers and others are ahead, there are things parents can do to encourage and support a child's physical development. Encourage your child to move from one place to another, play games with them, run around a playground or sports field, and climb things. Intellectual Encourage your child to find out what he likes to do and answer your child's questions when you can. As they grow older, many children lose their curiosity. Make sure your child eats well, stay active and gets proper amounts of sleep.Provide an opportunity to learn musical instrumen ts or practice some form of performing arts. Reading will help your child's mind grow. Social, emotional and behavior development Children often struggle with expressing their feelings; they need help knowing how to appropriately manage their feelings. Using language to identify, label and respect. It can also be helpful to tell and show young children other ways to manage like pounding clay, drawing pictures, and telling stories about how they are feeling. Helping to find appropriate ways to express emotions.

Biology Notes

Biology Notes 19/25/09•CytoskeletonoMaintains cell shape and provides supportoGives cells mechanisms for movementoSets up tracks for motor proteins to carry things in the cello3 types of components:1. Microfilaments (7 nanometers):a. Made of proteins such as actin and myosinb. May exist as a single fiberc. May be in a bundled. May form a large networke. Important for cell contractionsf. Give the plasma membrane its shapeg. Involved with cytoplasmic streamingi. Making the cytoplasm move and not stay stagnanth. Important for formation of pseudopodsi. Allow for the movement of smaller eukaryotesi. Important for bringing things into the cellj. Important for cell divisionk. Form microvilli2. Intermediate Filaments (8-12 nanometers)a. Found in multicellular organismsb. Form rope-like assemblagesc. Stabilize cell structured. Important for resisting tensione. Form nuclear laminaf. Hold organelles and nucleus in place3. Microtubules (Up to 25 nanometers)a. Hollow cylinders, made of tubulin proteinb. Pr ovide rigid, interskeletal frameworkc. Act as a track for motor proteinsd. Motor proteins associate with tubulini.Dynein: Moves a vesicle towards the negative end (interior)ii. Kinesin: Moves a vesicle towards the positive end (periforate)e. Associated with locomotion appendagesf. Help form the cilia and flagellai.9 on outside, 2 on insideg. Important for forming centriolesi. Centriole: Center of the cell during cell division. Helps move the chromosomes during cell division.9/30/09•Cell Wall (Plant Cells)oMade of celluloseoComplex polysaccharides associated with proteinsoInsulates plasma membrane to prevent rupture==Protects against turgor pressure•Turgor Pressure: Internal pressure exerted on the cell membrane•Extracellular Matrix (ECM)oComposed of fibrous proteins (collagen, elastic fibers)==Allow for rigidnessoGlycoproteinsoIt holds cells together to form tissuesoIt contributes to the physical properties of the tissue==Connective Tissue: Cells associated with the ECMà ‚•Bone•BloodoFilters material that passes between cellsoOrients cell movement==Releases chemical signalsoEmbryonic developmentCh. 5•Cell membranes are bilayered and dynamicoDynamic: Membrane is continuously forming, it can move around, and it can fuse with other membranes•Fluid Mosaic ModeloInterior of membrane is fluid, allowing some...

Spanish Verbs Taking Indirect-Object Pronouns

Spanish Verbs Taking Indirect-Object Pronouns Generally, the difference between an  direct object of a verb and an indirect object of a verb is that a direct object is what or whom the verb acts upon, while the indirect object is the beneficiary and/or person that is affected by the verb. Thus in a simple sentence such as Le darà © el libro (I will give him the book), el libro (the book) is the direct object because its the thing being given, and le (him) is the indirect object because it refers to the person receiving the book. However, there are some verbs that use indirect-object pronouns even though those of us who speak English as a first language would probably think of them as using direct-object pronouns. One example would be a translation of the sentence I dont understand him (where him is a direct object) as No le entiendo or No le comprendo (where le is an indirect-object pronoun). (In this case, it is possible to say No lo entiendo or No lo comprendo, but the meaning would be different: I dont understand it.) Gustar and Similar Verbs The most common type of verb using an indirect-object pronoun where it might not seem intuitive to English speakers is a verb such as gustar, which means to please: Le gustaba el libro. The book pleased him/her. (This sentence would often be translated as he/she liked the book.) Although usage can vary with region and individuals, verbs like gustar are often used with the subject following the verb. Here are some examples taken from writings of native speakers: A la actriz le sorprendià ³ que hubiera un Starbucks en Espaà ±a. (The actress was surprised there was a  Starbucks in Spain. Le isnt translated to English here and in some sentences below because in the translation it is represented by the sentences subject.)No le agradà ³ la decisià ³n. (The decision didnt please him/her. He/she didnt like the decision.)A los daneses les encantan las salchichas. (The Danish love sausages.)A los soldados les faltan pelotas de golf. (The soldiers lack golf balls.)A ella no le interesaba la polà ­tica. (Politics didnt interest her. She wasnt interested in politics.)A los internautas les preocupan los virus, la privacidad, y el malware. (Viruses, privacy, and malware worry Internet users.) Verbs of Communication It is common when using verbs of communication - examples include hablar (to speak) and decir (to tell) - to use indirect-object pronouns. The logic behind this is that the speaker is communicating something, and that something is the direct object, and the person spoken to is the recipient. Le hablaron y no sabà ­a nada. (They spoke to him, and he/she didnt know anything.)Vas a ser madre, le dijeron. (Youre going to be a mother, they told her.)Voy a telefonearle de inmediato. (I am going to call him/her immediately.) Other Verbs A dozen or so verbs, several of them involving instruction or understanding, use the indirect object when the object is a person. Les enseà ±aban con un manual donde Tierra del Fuego pertenecà ­a a Chile. (They taught them with a book where Tierra del Fuego belonged to Chile.)No le creo, Sr. Hernndez. (I dont believe you, Mrs. Hernandez. No lo creo would mean I dont understand it.)El primer ministro dice que le inquieta la crisis humanitaria. (The prime minister says the humanitarian crisis worries him.)Hay veces que no le entiendo por su pronunciacià ³n. (There are times I dont understand her because of her pronunciation.) ¿Y si no le obedezco? (And if I dont obey him?) Usage Depending on Verb's Meaning Some verbs use an indirect object when they have certain meanings but a direct object otherwise: Pegar when it means to hit rather than to stick: A à ©l le pegaron con un bate en la cabeza. (They hit him with a bat in the head.)Recordar usually uses when it means to remind rather than to remember: Le recordamos muchas veces. (We remind him often.)Tocar when it means to be someones turn rather than to touch: A Catarina le tocaba. (It was Catarinas turn.)Discutir when it means to answer back rather than to discuss or to debate. El estudiante le discutà ­a de igual a igual. (The student answered him back as one equal to another.)

Various Acts of the American Revolution essays

Various Acts of the American Revolution essays Despite the Seven Years' War, Britain still engaged full supremacy over the American colonies. However, they now saw the colonies as fodder to feed the raging debts of the country. The crown's desire for money for the debts was viewed by Britain as reasonable, while it fueled the fire known as a revolution that was stirring up in the hearts of the colonists. This would create a new sense of American political identity and would eventually lead to the American Revolution. Eventually, Britain would soon come to regret marking the spirited colonists as inferior. There were ideas that would spark the flame of revolution much before the word revolution was even spoken of. Republicanism, an idea where the citizens gave up their private needs to the common good, became quite a popular idea, as well as the idea of a strong, central, government. The ideas were just harmless thoughts at the time; it was the actions of the British government that would turn them into dangerous philosophies. Mercantilism was by far one of the greatest sparks of the American Revolution. The British wanted to dominate the flux of imports and exports to and from the colonies, making it clear that they felt they wanted to control the economy of the colonies. To the British, the Americans were just tenants residing on their own land, meant for purposes to boost the British economy. To enhance the mercantile system, the Parliament passed the Navigation Laws, which said all commerce flowing to and from the colonies could be transported only in British vessels. Future laws said that any European products headed for the colonies had to pass through Britain and its tariffs, which effectively gave the British middlemen a good amount of the profits. At first, the Navigation Laws were loosely enforced, but in 1763, the British Prime Minister ordered them to be strictly enforced. Other laws passed by Parliament that enraged the colonists included the Sugar Act, which was t...

Phylum Porifera Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Phylum Porifera - Essay Example The sponges were considered to be plant-animal classification until 19th Century because they were not able to move, especially during their adult life where they attach themselves to a rock. However, this paper aims to evaluate in a critical aspect about the notions that Phylum Porifera is paraphyletic rather than monophyletic. The essay achieves its purpose by providing credible sources to demonstrate the comparative knowledge of morphology and embryologoy in an effort of evaluating the suggested hypothesis. The paper demonstrates the suggestions of the notion in respect to bilaterian’s ancestors. The sponges are among the simplest animals in the Kingdom Animalia. Their feeding system is unique among other types of animals. However, the evolution of animals is believed to transform the sponges from their earlier form of multi-cellular organisms to the present day animals. As earlier mentioned, it is learnt that Poliferans had an early branching event, which resulted to their separation from other metazoans. The sponges differentiate themselves from other animals in different nature such as lacking digestive, nervous, and circulatory systems. On their side, they adapt themselves by maintaining the constant flow of water through their pored bodies in order to get oxygen and food, as well as removing waste from the body. In addition, their shape of the body is adaptive to maximal reliability of water flow though their central cavity, where it uses a hole called osculum to deposit the nutrients. Most of the sponge species feed on the food particles or bacteria in the water, where some of them host micro organisms for photosynthesizing processes to act as endosymbionts. Such associations ensure there is maximum production of oxygen and food in the water, as compared to what they consume. However, some sponges that live in environment with small or no food have become carnivores since they mainly prey on

Size of financial sector Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Size of financial sector - Essay Example Moreover, profitability across all the financial sectors has improved except the insurance sector and it is anticipated to remain strong in the first quarter of the year 2015. Unfortunately, for the insurance and the building society the forecast suggests otherwise. The number of employment in the banking and insurance sector has decreased in comparison to other sectors while the training expenditure has risen. Department, I. M. F. M. C. M. (2014) suggests that this is a clear indication of the existence of shortage of skills and talents in the financial labor market. The financial sector has enormously grown over the last decades. Gloria (2015) illustrates that the parameters that measure these growths are: quantity of the financial market; the share of the GDP; wages; and employment. For instance, the economy of the UK has grown faster since the financial crisis of 2007/2008. It expanded by approximately by 1.9% in 2013. The growth is also attributed to the securitization in the financial market; intermediation of credit; and the subsectors of finance in the financial sector. On the other hand, the insurance sector has been steadily growing (at a steady pace). In addition, the growth is also evident in the increase in the financial claims and contracts such as bonds, stock, fund shares, and derivatives. Before the 200/2008 financial crisis, central banks use a simple modality that would effectively maintain and stabilize the inflation rate. However, in 2009 the interest rates were slashed to a level close to zero (zero lower bound). Jeucken’s (2001) notion indicates that below this benchmark would hav e been practical but wouldn’t have achieved the desired results. Central bank faced an uphill task of dealing with the increasing rate of unemployment as well as the collapse in the output. At some instances central banks have adopted the unconventional

INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT 4 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

INDIVIDUAL 4 - Assignment Example ly with the source or directly with the customer as opposed to prior models of integration that focused almost exclusively on middle men and the roles of corporate meet and greets with the representative shareholders within the process. In much the same way, things similar to webinars have the capacity to drastically reshape the landscape of traditional sales channels. Although this may seem as a bit of a bold statement, the fact of the matter is that something like a webinar is exponentially cheaper than flying company representatives to a given location, catering a meal, and providing hotel accommodations for the shareholders while there (LaGarde & Whitehead 4). As a function of this factor, along with many others that have not been mentioned, the company, firm, or organization is able to integrate with a far higher level of potential clientele and at a far cheaper rate. This necessarily compounds the percentage likelihood that the firm’s endeavors will result in an overall increase in the bottom line; thereby benefiting the profitability and the business model of the firm in

SWOT Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

SWOT Analysis - Essay Example The organization appears to have outgrown a vast majority of its present systems, and is presently faced with the challenge of having to layoff at least 500 workers. In order to sustain its tradition of not laying off any of its employees, BigTime will need to tackle the issues identified in the SWOT analysis presented in this report. The key issue lies in the company’s view to revolutionize its operations in order to integrate additional product offerings. This paper will provide a comprehensive SWOT analysis that will inform BigTime’s adoption of comprehensive marketing and organizational structure strategies. The SWOT analysis will be indispensable in helping BigTime take full advantage of its increasing customer base. BigTime SWOT analysis An organization’s SWOT analysis matrix is essential since it facilitates the realization of various factors concerning the organization, for instance, its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. These benchmarks a re valuable in ascertaining the overall efficacy of the company’s business operations and realizing probable problematic areas and devising viable systems to tackle the problems. Strengths One of BigTime’s greatest strengths is its reputation of producing appropriate product offerings that are not only pertinent to the markets at different times, but are also tailored for each customer. In fact, the organization has been able to garner massive market presence and share based only on its name and reputation. The company is renowned for providing superior quality virtual management services to its customers. This positive reputation has been sufficient in creating opportunities for the company is diverse areas of the market. Question 1 This means that BigTime relies on its customers’ views or word of mouth as a form of marketing to other companies. Additionally, BigTime bases its marketing strategy solely on its website, which was developed 4 years ago by the vice president’s son. Through this marketing strategy, the business has attained major strides in enhancing its sales records, ultimately realizing a 20% increase in its reported profits in one year. Brand image is one of the most vital elements of an organization’s overall attractiveness. Therefore, BigTime’s good reputation and the name has a positive impact on its brand image, making the organization’s product and institutional brands quite appealing to the market. Furthermore, having operated in the virtual management market for 20 years, BigTime has in-depth knowledge of the market, which enables the company tailor its products based on market demands. Additionally, BigTime has superior infrastructure that continues to facilitate access and exploitation of applications needed to facilitate successful delivery of virtual management systems. These systems and applications are critical since they facilitate the organization’s provision of a holistic virtual experience to its customers. At present, BigTime boasts of a massive proportion of the virtual management market. BigTime’s operations in the country are approximately one-third of the market as BigTime is one of three companies that dominate the virtual management sector. Another key strength inherent in the organization is its wide array of products. BigTime offers an array of virtual services including management, organizational change, management, organizational leadership, and business. These products allow the organization to participate

UK Law-Succession Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

UK Law-Succession - Coursework Example However, circumstances exist whereby the requirement of a grant can be waivered. In the first place, where the value of the estate is worth  ?5,000 or less, secondly, where the value of the estate is greater than ?5,000 but has neither a house, shares nor any bank account, with more than ?5,000. Further, a grant of representation will not be necessary where all houses, bank accounts and other assets had been under joint tenancy. The estate in question in this case is one that is above the value of 5000 and an asset in form of a bank account worth ?7800 thus making a grant necessary and not susceptible to the first two exceptions. It should however be noted that part of the deceased estate viz a house worth ?400,000 was jointly co-owned with the surviving spouse Andrea, broaching out a significant legal implication. Thus the issue is whether or not a grant of representation necessary in this case. W Swadling, ‘Property: General Principles’ poses that where two co-owners of a property, if they co-owned a house under joint tenancy then the surviving co-owner shall take ownership of the deceased share automatically through jus accrescendi regardless of any will or rule of intestacy. As such the property co-owned may not be subject to any grant of representation. ... The question that arises therefore in relation to the rest of the estate is what type of grant is accruable to whom and what share of the estate ought to be provided for the representatives. There exist three types of grants viz, grant of probate, grant of letters of representation and grant of letters of representation with Will annexed. A grant of probate only applies when the deceased has left a valid will appointing one or more executors to perform duties regarding the estate as provided by the will. Only the appointed have the right to ‘prove’ the Will. In the current case, Peter died without a Will and therefore no appointed executors and thus no one among the persons with interest to the estate can apply for a grant of representation to probate. Similarly, a grant of representation annexed with a Will, requires first that the deceased ought to have died with a valid Will, having appointed an executor but that the executor is unable or unwilling to apply for the gr ant then an applicant may be granted. Thus the type of grant that is applicable in this case is that called ‘grant of letters of administration’. This is because the deceased died intestate. The persons (or would be administrators) entitled to this grant are commonly one or more of nearest relatives alive. It is important to note that any of these types of grants could be classified as either general or limited grants. There exist two extensive procedures on how to apply for probate or administration. First is by way of employing a solicitor to undertake the process on the person’s behalf. Secondly is by applying on one’s self via the Personal Applicants Section of the Probate Office, or one of the District Probate Registries. One can

SWOT Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

SWOT Analysis - Essay Example The organization appears to have outgrown a vast majority of its present systems, and is presently faced with the challenge of having to layoff at least 500 workers. In order to sustain its tradition of not laying off any of its employees, BigTime will need to tackle the issues identified in the SWOT analysis presented in this report. The key issue lies in the company’s view to revolutionize its operations in order to integrate additional product offerings. This paper will provide a comprehensive SWOT analysis that will inform BigTime’s adoption of comprehensive marketing and organizational structure strategies. The SWOT analysis will be indispensable in helping BigTime take full advantage of its increasing customer base. BigTime SWOT analysis An organization’s SWOT analysis matrix is essential since it facilitates the realization of various factors concerning the organization, for instance, its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. These benchmarks a re valuable in ascertaining the overall efficacy of the company’s business operations and realizing probable problematic areas and devising viable systems to tackle the problems. Strengths One of BigTime’s greatest strengths is its reputation of producing appropriate product offerings that are not only pertinent to the markets at different times, but are also tailored for each customer. In fact, the organization has been able to garner massive market presence and share based only on its name and reputation. The company is renowned for providing superior quality virtual management services to its customers. This positive reputation has been sufficient in creating opportunities for the company is diverse areas of the market. Question 1 This means that BigTime relies on its customers’ views or word of mouth as a form of marketing to other companies. Additionally, BigTime bases its marketing strategy solely on its website, which was developed 4 years ago by the vice president’s son. Through this marketing strategy, the business has attained major strides in enhancing its sales records, ultimately realizing a 20% increase in its reported profits in one year. Brand image is one of the most vital elements of an organization’s overall attractiveness. Therefore, BigTime’s good reputation and the name has a positive impact on its brand image, making the organization’s product and institutional brands quite appealing to the market. Furthermore, having operated in the virtual management market for 20 years, BigTime has in-depth knowledge of the market, which enables the company tailor its products based on market demands. Additionally, BigTime has superior infrastructure that continues to facilitate access and exploitation of applications needed to facilitate successful delivery of virtual management systems. These systems and applications are critical since they facilitate the organization’s provision of a holistic virtual experience to its customers. At present, BigTime boasts of a massive proportion of the virtual management market. BigTime’s operations in the country are approximately one-third of the market as BigTime is one of three companies that dominate the virtual management sector. Another key strength inherent in the organization is its wide array of products. BigTime offers an array of virtual services including management, organizational change, management, organizational leadership, and business. These products allow the organization to participate

Technical proposal assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Technical proposal - Assignment Example In this regard, my institution is not able to accurately and timely analyze students’ data to inform future planning, strategy and service provision. As Campbell (2007) states, students’ intake and new admissions continue to increase while new programs continue to be adopted day by day by the college. The ever increasing records are difficult to handle just by a filing system, hence there is need to develop an effective, accurate and efficient way of managing students record. The students’ record management system that is automated is the right technical change for the college. Students’ record management system is a computerized students’ record management platform that allows students, institution, teachers and administrators to interact. Students’ records help in enhancing students and institution relationship, providing services, facilities and support to the students, measuring and controlling students academic achievement at the institution and subsequently and support to the alumni. The automation of the students’ record system is expected to improve on accuracy and effectiveness of information capturing retrieval and generation of reports for each student. This would eliminate the loss of data improve services in the administration since accessing information would be within a short time. The proposed students’ record management system refers to the computerized network distribution system that allows for the management of records involving the students in college or a learning institution. This technology will enhance a number of functions within the administration concerning the students’ records including registration of students in their respective programs, manage their fee data bases, manage their examination records and manage their accommodation booking and allocation as shown in figure 1. This is a software program application that is intended to provide timely information about all the

Role of Women in Russia Between 1928 and 1941 Essay Example for Free

Role of Women in Russia Between 1928 and 1941 Essay How far did the role of women in Russia change between 1928 and 1941 The role of women in 1928 was that of being part of the work industry; 3 million women were employed because of the demands of the Five-year plans. Though Soviet Russia was meant to be a ‘classless society’ there were still inequalities specifically between men and women. However by 1940 there were 13 million women working in the Russian industry which shows change nevertheless women spent an average of 5 times as longer on domestic responsibilities’ than men, this is an example of continuity. The domestic role for women was in in addition to working on collective farms or in Soviet industry they were expected to be responsible for household chores, such as cooking, cleaning and childcare. Furthermore another responsibility of women was to reproduce because the trauma of industrialisation and collectivisation had led to a dramatic decline in the birth rate in the early 1930s. The communist government then introduced polices to try and reverse this trend. In addition to these wives of party officials were expected not to work, but to devote themselves to managing ‘a well-ordered communist home’. In the 1920s it was common for communist families to employ nannies however by the mid-1930’s this was frowned upon, this shows a significant change between what is the more important role to play in this time period. Women were now expected to be ideal mothers and partners. Their homes were to be examples of ‘order, warmth and feminine comfort, and their husbands expected their wives to be caring and attentive. They were the men there jobs consisted of being party leaders and even though they had been liberated from their domestic duties, such as chopp ing wood and carry water, due to mechanisation, women had none of these advantages. Also in the 1930s Zhenotdel, a women’s branch of the Communist Central committee was closed down due to the fact that the Communist Party believed that sexuality had been achieved. Soviet authorities discouraged abortion in 1936, making it all but illegal. The law banned terminations except where they were necessary to save the life of a pregnant woman. This forced women to have children they may or may not have wanted. Doctors who performed abortions on ‘underserving’ women could be sentenced to two years imprisonment. Husband who put pressure on their wives to terminate pregnancy would then face the same penalty. This was to promote the image of ‘a communist family life’ this consisted of the Stalin government reemphasising the value of marriage, they reintroduced wedding rings in 1936, and these had been banned in 1928. Also in 1936 the administration started printing marriage certificates on high quality paper to symbolise the importance of the union. Women were now getting married more and more frequently as the 1937 census showed that 82% of women aged 30 and 39 were married. The mid-1930s is when introducing traditional gender roles and sexual attitudes were reasserted across Russia. Making women stay at home and Communist husband were to be the main income earners in the family. Another way to promote ‘a communist family life’ was to control the sex that went on. In 1934 the government reintroduced a more traditional perspective on sexual morality. This was backed up by police action against young women who had an ‘immoral appearance’. This victimised woman as it was another rule to control their lives, in addition to this Soviet policy makers also turned against contraception. Another role of women that occurred during The ‘Great Retreat’ was the Soviet authorities recognising the important contribution made by women to Russian industry; they then increased the allocation of place in height or technical education available to women, from 30% in 1929 to 40% in 1940. This was also a significant change as women were allowed to further their education however they were still unequal to their male counterparts as the income of men was only 60-65% of the income of men doing the same job. Another area women excelled was the agricultural economy. By 1945, 80 of collected farm workers were women. They also represented the e Stakjanovite movementt in the countryside. The most celebrate rural Stakhanovite were both female,

Developmental Issues in Identity Formation and Self Esteem

Developmental Issues in Identity Formation and Self Esteem Critically discuss the significance of understanding the developmental issues of identity formation and self-esteem as a guidance counsellor with reference to the work of at least 3 theorists covered on the module. Early adolescence is a period of obvious human development and growth which occurs between childhood and adolescence. Adolescence is the transition from childhood to adulthood, its when the form of attachment with their parents change as the child begins to seek autonomy from their parents and at the same time they need to keep their sense of relatedness to them. At the beginning of the adolescence the parent-child conflict approaches its peak. (Boyd Bee, 2014) During this significant stage of the life cycle, young adolescents, 10 15 year olds, experience rapid and momentous developmental change. During this phase of young adolescents education, to understand and respond to the distinct developmental characteristics is crucial. A person is not a composite of isolated attributes, but instead resembles a system of characteristics. (Schoon, I. 2006, p. xv) Identity formation, also known as individuation, is defined as the development of the distinct personality of an individual charac teristics that are possessed by one, by which one is recognised or known. Such traits include a sense of uniqueness from others and a sense of identity within society. From research we see that development is physical, cognitive or psychosocial is unique for every child. Some young people develop in certain areas faster than others but that does not mean that a slower or a faster development than the average is not uncommon. The assumption that the potential for development continues throughout life raises the question of what we mean by development. Are we to say that change and development are synonymous? (Sugarman, L. 1996, p. 3) In this essay I will be discussing developmental issues of identity formation and self-esteem as guidance counsellor, for this I am mostly going to concentrate on Erikson, Marcia and Kohlberg and their theories. Eric Erikson (1902-1994) was a German born, American developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst well known for his theory on psychosocial development of humans. The intrinsic affirmation affiliated with Eriksons theory of psycho-social development is that the personality is tenacious over the lifespan as the individual matures biologically and cognitively. Bee Boyd refer to lifespan perspective as the current view of developmentalists that changes happen throughout the entire human lifespan and that changes must be interpreted in light of the culture, and context in which they occur (Boyd, D and Bee, H. 2003, p.14). The life-span perspective . Sees both the individual and the environment as potentially influencing and being influenced by each other (Sugarman, L. 1996, p. 3). At each stage of development there is an associated set of developmental tasks. The fundamental element to a successful route through lifes stages is the distinction of the social environment. Erikson referred to this development in terms of the Epigenetic Principle, an organic perspective. He referred to this in his book Identity, youth and crisis (1968), and used it to encompass the notion that we develop through an unfolding of our personality in predetermined stages, and that our environment and surrounding culture influence, how we progress. Erikson explained the factors which have been linked with healthy identity development, these include: security, trust, safety with having the freedom to explore their environment. According to Erikson, to a achieve a healthy personality, an individual must successfully resolve a crisis at each of the eight stages of development in, as summarized in the table below: (Boyd, D and Bee, H. 2003, p.28). Figure 1: Eriksons Epigenetic Principle and Middle Childhood, 8 Psychosocial Stages: Stage Age Stages of Development Developmental Characteristics 1 Birth to 1 year Trust versus mistrust (hope) Attachment Bonding 2 1 to 3 Autonomy versus shame and doubt Potty training self-maintenance 3 3 to 6 Initiative versus guilt Academic success, adding, abcs, making friends 4 6 12 Industry versus inferiority Social competence, friendship network 5 12 18 Identity versus role confusion Loyalty friendship 6 18 30 Intimacy versus isolation Falling in love, maintaining a relationship 7 30 to old age Generativity versus stagnation Having nurturing children 8 Old age Integrity versus despair Imparting wisdom to others (Boyd, D and Bee, H. 2003, p.29). Erikson believed the behaviour of the main caregiver (usually the mother) is critical to the childs resolve of this crisis, the caregiver must be consistently loving, and must respond to the child predictably and reliably. He goes on to state that infants whose early care has been eratic or harsh may develop mistrust. (Boyd, D and Bee, H. 2003, p.29). It was Eriksons belief that throughout ones lifetime, they experience different conflicts or crisis. Each of the conflicts can arise at a certain point in life and needs to be successfully resolved before progression to the next of the eight stages. Failure to successful complete a stage can result in a reduced ability to complete further stages and therefore a more unhealthy personality and sense of self. These stages can be resolved successfully at a later time. Eriksons theory has not been without its critics. At times, he overemphasizes the symbiotic relationship between individual development and societal progress and, .. has been criticized for having a conformist theory (Sugarman, L. 1996, p. 93) Socially competent adolescents can strike a balance between their identity as individuals and as part of groups, the ability of maintaining equality, and their own wants, needs, desires and their ability to meet the needs of others. Identity is the major personality target that a child needs to achieve during this phase in order to become a content, productive and satisfied adult. The particular stage which is relevant to identity formation takes place during adolescence, known as Identity versus Role Confusion. Identity is influenced by how the adolescent sees him/herself and is also based on their relationships with others and their perception of how others see them. (OBrien, E. Z. 2013, p.151). In development stage five, adolescents need to decide who they are, which are their strengths and weaknesses and what their path in life is. Erikson considered Identity Formation as personality and role experimentation, with the number of choices it can be overwhelming so adolescents may se em to appear to go through a period of moratorium. Moratorium is defined as A crisis in progress, but no commitment has yet been made (Boyd, D and Bee, H. 2003, p.312). Many teenagers during this period can try out roles to see if they right, for example a teenage girl trying to be glamorous and flirty (her sexuality maybe blossoming), or a teenage boy who is experimenting with the tough guy image. Erikson never saw identity as static or unchangeable but believed identity formation was a life-long process, across the life span. Also pressurising someone into an identity can result in rebellion in the form of chartering feelings of unhappiness and a negative identity. Erikson also referred to identity crisis which is period by which the adolescent is troubled by their lack of identity, which can result in the inability to continue responsibilities as adults or entering into isolation, or loosing ones identity in the crowd. This change in adolescence is usually an indication of an ind ividuals development of multiple perspectives in social relationships. adolescent adjustment predicted changes in authoritative and neglectful parenting styles more robustly than these styles predicted changes in adolescent adjustment. (Eccles, J., 2012, p.2) Marcia is another significant theorist who elaborated upon Eriksons perception of identity crisis and identify confusion. James Marcia (1937 ) a Canadian clinical and developmental psychologist took Eriksons theory further. He described the process as having four basic, main steps on the continuation of identity development, the structure is designed to classify adolescents into one of four main stages of identity. The identity statuses are used to pinpoint the progression of an adolescents identity formation. In Marcias theory, he states that identity is whether an individual has explored various alternatives and made firm commitments to: an occupation, religion, sexual orientation and political values. **REFERENCE Marcias four identity statuses are in the table below: Figure 2 : Marcias identity statuses Experienced crisis Not in Crisis Degree of commitment to a particular role or values HIGH LOW HIGH Identity achievement status (crisis is past) Foreclosure status Committed LOW Moratorium status (in midst of crisis) Identity diffusion status Not Committed Degree of crisis (OBrien, E. Z. 2013, p.153) Marcias theory does not conclude that each adolescent will go through and encounter all four identity statuses. Some may experience only one or two identity statuses throughout their adolescence. Furthermore unlike Eriksons, Marcias theory takes into account multidirectional movement between and among the various identity statuses. For example, an adolescent may experience a traumatic event such as their parents separating, or an assault, which may cause them to re-assess their perception of the world and its value system. The type of crisis may result in them reverting to a previous enacted identity status as to adjust to this new situation. These are four identity statuses proposed by Marcia, furthering Eriksons theory. Marcia described the process as having four main, reoccurring steps. Identity formation has two key parts: Crisis and Commitment. For fully achieved identity, young people must have both examined value/gaols and reached firm commitment. For Identity achievement: Marcia suggests that adolescents who have experienced crisis and reached an undertaking to ideological, occupational or other objectives. Moratorium: is when a crisis is in progress, but no commitment has yet been made. With foreclosure: adolescents who have made a commitment without having gone through a crisis. Then identity diffusion: this represents either an early stage before the crisis, or a failure to reach a commitment after a crisis. Marcia suggested that identity involves the adoption of ideals and values, sexual orientation and work possibilities. He formulated the idea of status which allowed for a more fluid conception of identity f ormation. (OBrien, E. Z. 2013, p.168) According to Schlossberg the best way to cope with a crisis or transition in life, is to adapt the 4 Ss System: Situation, Self, Supports and Strategies. (Schlossberg, N. K., 2011) Minority teenagers, especially those of colour in a predominantly white culture, face the task of creating two identities in adolescence. (Boyd, D and Bee, H. 2003, p.316) Boyd and Bee define Ethnic Identity as a sense of belonging to an ethnic group. American developmental psychologist Jean Phinney, proposed in 1990 that in adolescence, the development of a complete ethnic identity moves through three stages: Unexamined ethnic identity: which is very similar to Marcias identity status called foreclosure. Ethnic identity search: parallel to crisis in Marcias analysis of ego identity. Resolution: Of conflicts and contradictions similar to Marcias status of identity. Young people of colour often develop two identities, a psychological sense of self and an ethnic identity. (Boyd, D and Bee, H. 2003, p.317) In addition to establishing a sense of personal identity minority teens must also develop an ethnic identity. Some resolve this developmental task by creating a bicultural identity for themselves, one that allows them to interact comfortably with members of the majority group, individuals who belong to other minority groups and members of their own group. . (Boyd, D and Bee, H. 2007, p.284) An ethnic identity is identification with definite ethnicity, usually on the basis of a presumed shared ethnic descent. Ethnic groups are often also united by common cultural, behavioural, linguistic or religious traits. They must also develop an ethnic or racial identity, including self-identification as a member of some specific group, commitment to that group and its values and attitudes. (Boyd, D and Bee, H. 2007, p.284). Phinneys stage model is a useful general description of the process of ethnic identity formation. While others resolve the dilemma by consciously choosing their own ethnic groups patterns and values, yet this choice could limit their access to a larger culture but they make this as an informed decision. Also adolescents from different cultural backgrounds who try to compete and succeed in the most dominant culture might be shunned by their own peers. Based on the studies which have derived from Eriksons Marcias Theories there is a need to examine the pros and cons of both theories. Eriksons can be ambiguous about the causes of development and his theory does not have a universal structure for crisis resolution. Eriksons theory is more a depictive overview of human social and emotional progression that does not comprehensively explain why or how this advancement occurs. Furthermore Erikson does not clearly explain how the outcome of one psychosocial stage influence personalities at a later stage. Then on the more positive side of Eriksons theory is, its ability to bring together important psychosocial developments across the entire lifespan. Also Erikson was more positive than Freud as he believed that negative outcomes in a stage could be resolved at a later date. (OBrien, E. Z. 2013, p.22) Unlike Ericksons stage theory, Marcias theory accounts for multi-directional movement among and between the various identity statuses. Final ly Marcia formulated the idea of status, which allowed for a more fluid conception of identity formation. (OBrien, E. Z. 2013, p.168) Lawrence Kohlberg (1927-1987), an American psychologist best known for his work on the Theory of stages of moral development, also known as a stage theorist. Kohlbergs theory was developed from the research and principles of Jean Piagets identity development. Previously, Piaget (1932) suggested a two-way theory of moral development (moral realism and moral relativism). (Hearne, L., 2017, p. 11). Kohlbergs moral development is focused on the cognitive process rather than the actual moral actions of a person. Continually people who are able to cognitively discuss appropriate moral choices do not always exhibit moral behaviour. Furthermore, persons can know the right moral decisions to make and decide to respond in the opposite manner. However, the theorist whose work has had the most powerful impact has been Kohlberg (Bergman, 2002; Colby et al., 1976, 1981). Moreover, theories of moral reasoning have been important in explanations of adolescent antisocial behaviour. (Boyd, D and Bee, H. 2006, p.335). Kohlbergs moral judgement development seems to have a parallel relationship between age and stage. Before the age of ten years of age a child believes rules are fixed, handed down by a higher authority (such a parent or adult) and subject to change. After the age of ten, the child realises that rules are flexible and can be modified, with the agreement of others. (OBrien, E. Z. 2013, p.120) Kohlberg based his theory on interviews he conducted with children and adolescents regarding moral reasoning. He then devised moral dilemmas, the answers to which were used to categorise moral development, one of example of this is the Heinz dilemma. Where a woman was near death from a specific cancer but there was one drug which doctors thought might save her. But the drug was very expensive to make it was made in her same town, it was $2,000 for a small dose of the drug so her husband became desperate and broke into the laboratory to steal the drug for his wife. Kohlberg then suggested 6 responses for this moral dilemma to assess peoples reasoning on their decision. Listed below are the six stages of Kohlbergs moral development: Level 3 POSTCONVENTIONAL Shared standards, rights and duties Stage 6: Self-selection of universal values and principles Stage 5: -Sense of democracy and relativity of rules Level 2 CONVENTIONAL Performing right roles Stage 4: Fulfilling duties and upholding laws Stage 3: Meeting expectations of others Level 1 PRECONVENTIONAL Values in external events Stage 2: Getting what you want by trade-off or in exchange for behaving Stage 1: Punishment avoidance Figure 2: Kohlbergs Theory of Moral Development Various theorists have criticized Kohlbergs theory, by those who placed more emphasis on learning moral behaviour and by those who believe moral reasoning is based mostly on emotional factors rather than on their ideas of fairness and justice. Carol Gilligan claims Kohlbergs theory is flawed because his research was based on male responses and represents a male perspective of moral development and reasoning. . (OBrien, E. Z. 2013, p.138) From Gilligans work with women she deduced that women apply an ethic of care in the judgements rather than a male ethic of justice. Eisenberg has defined empathy as an affective response that stems from the apprehension or comprehension of anothers emotional state However .an empathic response usually turns into either sympathy or personal distress (Eisenberg, 2000, p.671) In conclusion young adolescents warrant educational experiences and schools try to care for their physical, intellectual, emotional/psychological, moral/ethical, social developmental and spiritual, characteristics. Parents, practitioners and others who work with young adolescents need to be aware of both obvious and subtle changes in their developmental characteristics. Changes like these can give adults intuitive into the demands facing young adolescents and emphasise possible logic for transference in their capabilities and behaviour. Educators and career guidance counsellors and policymakers today need to persevere with their support of initiatives that allow young adolescents with developmentally appropriate environment and learning experiences. Teenage aspirations, especially educational, in combination with academic attainment are an important predictor of adult social status. (Schoon, I. 2006, p. 138). Bibliography Schoon, I. (2006) Risk and Resilience; Adaptations in changing times, 1st ed., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Boyd, D and Bee, H. (2003) Lifespan development, 3rd ed., Allyn and Bacon, Pearson Boyd, D and Bee, H. (2006) Lifespan development, 4th ed., Allyn and Bacon, Pearson Boyd, D and Bee, H. (2007) The Developing Child, 11th ed.,Pearson, International Edition. Allyn and Bacon. OBrien, E. Z., (2013) Human Growth Development, 2nd ed., Gill and MacMillan Sugarman, L. (1986) Life-Span Development, Concepts, Theories and Interventions, 1st ed., Methuen Co. Ltd. Eisenberg, 2000 .. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_formation Hearne, L., (2017). Session 5: Theories of Social and Personality Development, Lecture Notes, University of Limerick. Eccles, J., (2012) Developmental Psychology, Vol 48(6), Nov 2012, 1540-1553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0027720 Schlossberg, N. K., (2011). The Challenge of change: The transition model and its applications. Journal of employment counselling, Vol 48

Positive Outcomes of the French Revolution Essay -- History, Politics

A common theme of the historical French Revolution of the 1790s is the bloodshed associated with a new execution device, the guillotine. This negative connotation of the Revolution resides in the minds of the French and foreigners alike. However, although the French Revolution has contained a fair amount of bloodshed, its aftermath on the French has been overall positive. To begin, there were several contributing factors to the Revolution. Even though theorists have divergent opinions on the factors that started the rebellion, there are three widely accepted causes: financial status of the country, rapid overpopulation, and the relative unfairness of the French political system (â€Å"French Revolution,† Columbia). The French government was in great debt because it had assisted America in the American Revolution in the 1770s. Moreover, the underclass, made mostly of peasants and manual workers, worked increasing longer hours for less food. In addition, due to France’s bankruptcy, taxes increased, but some upper class citizens and institutions were exempt (Kreis). An increasing lack of food was primarily responsible due to an overpopulation of rural communities in the 1700s – over 80 percent of the twenty plus million French were concentrated in the rural areas (â€Å"Social Causes†). Furthermore, there was a series of rela tive droughts in the late 1700s, and one of the biggest occurred in 1788, just a year before the beginning of the Revolution (â€Å"French Revolution,† Encyclopaedia Britannica 1). Inversely, members of the upper class Bourgeoisie, composed of the nation’s small minority of noblemen, clergy, merchants, and professionals, found increases to their wealth due to an overall economic growth in the 18th century. Because of these tr... ...ol Edition. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., 2011. Web. 27 Oct. 2011. Like the previous entry, this article explains the rising of the revolution and its events, but with more emphasis on the causes of the revolution. Kreis, Steven. "Lecture 11: The Origins of the French Revolution." The History Guide. Steven Kreis, 30 Oct. 2006. Web. 30 Oct. 2011. Steven Kreis created The History Guide for high school and undergraduate students; this particular article focuses on the social factors that sparked the revolution. "Social Causes of the Revolution." Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution. Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media, 16 July 2001. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. This entry focuses on the negative social causes of the revolution, but with more depth and emphasis on the lower class in France late 1700s.

Reducing Employee Productivity :: GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

Reducing Employee Productivity Loss, After Connecting to the Internet Overview Today companies continually search for ways to improve efficiency, and Internet e-mail has helped to achieve this goal. One of the problems not foreseen in connecting the office to the Internet is the millions of Web sites that exist. Making it simple for workers to connect to the Internet allows users to waste time, money, and bandwidth, only to return with virus-laden files as souvenirs of their efforts. This report examines corporate need for effective Internet controls, and strong access policies. Topics Covered  · Web Surfing Costs  · Unauthorized Access, Attacks, and Virus Contamination  · Network Security  · Creating a Network Use Policy Web Surfing Costs Costs are contained if employees use the Internet at work as intended. A â€Å"wired† workplace finds its productivity hampered as often as augmented due to employees having Internet access. The Internet is vast; the temptation to Web surf pursuing personal interests at work is hard to resist. United States Department of Labor estimates printed in The Standard.com (2000), are wasted time cost corporations three million dollars a year per each 1000 employees. The article continues: â€Å"Where are employees wasting most of their time these days? It is not the water cooler". Companies that want to improve efficiency are looking to rein in Web surfing workers.† In a Christmas 1999 article about electronic greeting cards, ZDNN (1999) reported: â€Å"There is rising corporate fervor against opening unnecessary files amid concerns about excessive personal usage among employees.† Unauthorized Access, Attacks, and Viruses Web sites proliferate as a means of corporate promotion, customer service, and commerce. Unauthorized Internet access in the form of Web site intrusions, breaches and viruses can lead to lost time, money, information, or worse. Internet Hackers work to crack passwords, breaking into corporate networks believed secure. Thestandard.com (1999) reported Microsoft fell prey to a hacker attack on its network in October that year. The company says someone transferred its passwords to an e-mail account in Russia, where hackers posed as Microsoft employees. Increasingly sophisticated viruses used against Internet sites endanger corporations everywhere. The 1999 Babylonia virus found by Symantec (1999) started its spread through Internet chat rooms. Unlike typical viruses, Babylonia updates itself automatically with files from the Web. Network Security Banning corporate Internet use to avoid problems is impractical. Too many companies are unaware of the dangers and need a more responsible strategy. Network security should include:  · Protection against Information Loss  · Productivity Monitoring  · Maximizing Network Speed Network speed is a function of connection, hardware, and software.

Mr. Shamal Fernando

I am dealing with Cardiovascular, Anti diabetic and general product range. There are 7 Sirs and 3 sales representatives under my supervision, and the product range is highly expensive. I am responsible of the growth and the monthly sales of the above range including the strategic implementation for products. Also I am responsible for the training, Development and whole island Sales. In Sir Lankan I report to the Managing Director and the Principles. I have 7+ years of Marketing and Sales experience in Pharmaceutical, Insurance and Consumer products both in SSL and Philippines. Also I was worked as an Educational counselor at Speech power in Philippines.At the moment I'm giving teaching sessions to the orphaned children. I do Serviced Customers', enthusiastically and deliberately to provide Excellent customer satisfaction. Objective To be a productive & innovative marketing oriented person in the Pharmaceutical ,fast moving & challenging business environment and to acquire and enhance my knowledge and be able to effectively practice these in the pursuance of my career. I pursue to become a Professional customer service individual along with good Salesmanship and Management and to be the most highlighted individual in my career. Person My Sales, Marketing and Customer oriented services counts more than 7 years.I have a good understanding of customer needs and their mentality on purchasing goods. I am very much capable of handling Sales & Marketing staff to get the best out of them. I have been awarded the hard & diligent working employee' in one of my former companies. I have tirelessly worked in any company I worked with honesty. I as an individual always try to delight people whom I associate with . This has made me a preferred employee by my superiors where-ever I have worked. I have a very good command of English. Educational Qualifications I passed the G. C. E OIL Examination in December 1997 with one distinction pass and seven credit passes.

Art Is an Expression

Art History 6A 19 November 2011 Triumph! Art is an expression that we as humans do as a way to express and communicate with others. Through art every painting/sculpture has an intended purpose and message/story to convey. No matter what race, gender, or class, one can understand what message is being shared or find an entirely opposite interpretation other than what the artist intended. It can relate to the individual on a personal level, and that’s the beauty of art. In this essay I will be writing about two pieces of art that have been around for thousands of years.I will be comparing and contrasting the Palette of King Narmer (back) and the painting â€Å"Ti watching a hippopotamus hunt. † Both murals contain symbolism, as well as concepts of life and death. Each in their individual way conveys a message of importance and triumph. The Palette of King Narmer dates back to the first Egyptian dynasty, from Hierakonpolis, c. 3000 B. C, it is flat in appearance and double -sided with engravings on both sides, each individual side separated into 3 distinctive sections by horizontal lines with the middle being the biggest.It stands approximately 25† inches (63. 5cm) in height and tapers down to a point. The structure of the piece is very similar to the outline of a shield. It is composed of a dark color slate, common rock found in Egypt. Unlike the Palette the painting of â€Å"Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt† is much bigger almost double in size, standing 4 feet tall. It was created during the fifth dynasty, Saqqara, c. 2400 B. C. and is composed of painted limestone. Prior to the creation of the Palette of King Narmer, art was divided throughout Egypt.Egypt was divided geographically and politically into Upper and Lower Egypt. Society had an emphasis on becoming unified and the palate marks the unification of these two lands. King Narmer is famously known as the first king to rule these lands. The palettes’ historical importance m arks the transition from pre-historical to historical period in Egypt and serves as the foundation for generations of art glorifying kings. During the time of â€Å"Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt† Egyptians had a very strong belief and emphasis in death and the afterlife.Death was rarely filled with a sense of fear, but instead embraced with open arms and seen as a necessary transition one must make to live in the afterlife. Egyptians constructed mastabas for the dead. For this reason there was a plethora of funerary offerings including statues, carvings, and paintings made and placed into mastabas. The Egyptians built their mastabas very similar to homes for the dead so when they entered the afterlife they would have all the necessities and luxuries they once had during their lifetime.Narmers palette was an object commonly used in the preparation of eye make up, used by the Egyptians mostly to block and shield out the sun. The palette is most likely a votive or gift to the gods. Whereas the painting of â€Å"Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt† was a funerary gift made to honor loved ones who have passed and entered their next chapter in life. In both works of art, animals are portrayed but only in the palette do animals have true symbolic meaning. On the Back of the palette the upmost section portrays two cow heads one on each side, which appear to have human faces.This representation depicts a variety of interpretations: the goddess Hathor, or the goddess bat, or just a symbolism for the Kings power and strength, which is a common symbolism of a bull throughout Egyptian art. The true meaning of these symbolic bulls is unknown till this day due to the uncommon frontal portrayal of the bulls. Also in the back of the palette there stands a falcon, symbolizing the god Horus- protector of kings. The falcon is placed on top of a head sitting on papyrus representing Lower Egypt. This signifies the triumph and power Upper Egypt had over Lower Egypt.In th e painting of â€Å"Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt† animals individually serve no significant value, but as a whole in Egyptian art a successful hunt is a metaphor for triumph over evil. In the palette of King Narmer there are a series of hieroglyphics used to signify the powerful King Narmer making Narmers palette the earliest existing labeled piece of art. In between the bullheads are hieroglyphics of a catfish (nar) and a chisel (mer) within a frame representing the royal palace. The fish also pays tribute to the Nile River since Egypt strived and lived off the river for all its resources such as food and water.In the painting of â€Å"Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt† there are no hieroglyphics used because it was intended for the dead. Its purpose served to represent and honor the loved ones passed. In â€Å"Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt† the artist incorporates a unique series of lines/patterns to bring structure and organization to the piece. This is po rtrayed in the water beneath the boats by a pattern of wavy lines that embody fish and hippopotami. In the uppermost of the painting the artist uses a series of fine grooves that lead into a commotion of birds and foxes resembling papyrus flowers.Similarly lines play a Important role in the Palette of Narmer. A series of Horizontal lines are used to break the palette into 3 distinctive sections. Without the use of lines, the palette would have no organization and would become chaotic. The portrayal of the body when referencing both Narmer and Ti is very similar. Showing the influence Narmers palette had in art. In both pictures the eye and upper body is in frontal view while the head and legs/feet are in profile view, one in front of the other, which was a very common depiction of important figures.It was believed that by showing the Egyptians in this way all the body parts needed in the afterlife would be properly expressed and available to the deceased when needed. Slaves and anim als were painted more natural and relaxed, and with a smaller scale in drawings to show there limited importance. In both pictures the artists illustrate both Narmer and Ti being the dominating and largest figure (which is called  hierarchical scale). In the palette of King Narmer, Narmer is significantly larger in his ceremonial beard wearing a bowling pin shape crown, which represents Upper Egypt.Attached to the end of his kilt is a bulls tail indicating the power and strength of Narmer. Behind King Narmer is a much smaller servant, most likely of high rank, carrying his sandals making Narmer barefoot. Throughout Egyptian art being barefoot symbolizes the person is on holy ground. In Narmers right hand he holds a club, ready to strike a kneeling warrior he holds by the head with his left hand. This once again signifies the power and strength of Narmer over his enemies. Below this scene are two bearded men most likely enemies of the king lying dead symbolic of how lethal and vict orious of a ruler he is.In the mastaba of a Ti the painting â€Å"Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt† Ti is similarly portrayed. Ti is shown much larger and out of scale compared to his slaves depicted, representing his importance and social status. In Egypt a successful hunt was a metaphor for triumph over evil. Ti and his slaves are roaming through marshes, hunting hippopotami and birds. Ti unlike Narmer is distant away from the hunt, not engaging in the action of killing the hippopotami but yet he is still present over looking his slaves during the hunt.He is a neutral observer of life, resembling his Ka being at peace. Both murals use a variety of lines, symbols, and details not only to focus on the importance and triumph of Narmer and Ti but also make a structured organized piece of art. The palette of Narmer represents this triumph over evil more straightforward being that Narmer has already killed two of his foes about to kill another, holding in the palm of his hand the power to give life or death. On the other hand the painting â€Å"Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt† is metaphorically representing victory and triumph through the hunt.

Environmental health Epidemiology Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Environmental health Epidemiology - Assignment Example The sources of bias that have identified in the study can substantially increase the risk of estimating appropriate value of the association prevailing between leukemia and benzene exposure. In order to effectively deal with this particular critical situation, the process of masking or blinding of each individual participants involved with the provided study will certainly aid in controlling the potential risks emerging from varied bias sources (Higgins & Green, 2011). Based on the results studied in the screening program, it can be ascertained that the calculations provide appropriate results regarding the participants who are subjected to excessive benzene exposure. According to the values identified in the aforesaid calculation, it is determined that the results significantly demonstrated the need of framing a new diagnostic test, which would enable the assessors to define appropriate outcomes. One of such outcomes can be determining the number of positive along with negative participants and the individuals who are subjected towards excessive benzene exposure. Higgins, J. P. T., & Green, S. (2011). Introduction to sources of bias in clinical trials. Retrieved from

History 3a Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

History 3a - Essay Example Lastly, another difference between the two revolutions was that American Revolution was against United Kingdom while French revolution focused its attention on French government that was led by King Louis XVI and other different coalitions (Office of Historian, 2012). One of the major similarities of the revolutions is that both revolutions aimed at overthrowing the legitimate monarchs that were governing the countries. In addition, both revolutions were bloody and a lot of people lost their lives during the revolution. Also both revolutions were agitated by people’s suffering that emanated by poor governance from the previous regimes. Therefore, both revolutions were political and social. Both revolutions gained support from each other. France supported Americans through sending troops and intellectuals such as Marquis De Lafayette while Americans sent Thomas Pain to assist in French revolution (Office of Historian, 2012). One of the aspects that gave strength to the slave was the African culture and their identity. As a result, masters ensured that they brainwashed the culture of the slaves through giving them new names and banning any form of cultural activities. Some of the cultural activities that slaves used to come together included African music and Saturday night dances which happened in the woods. In addition, the masters prevented the slaves from gathering an aspect that reduced their bond and strength to resist. Some of the ways that slaves used to resist included breaking of their masters equipments, stealing the masters provisions and use of lies in order to evade hard work. Masters set up stiff penalties to ensure that they curb these methods of resisting (Office of Historian, 2012). Another method that the masters used to prevent slaves from resisting is giving them a lot of workload. This ensured that slaves were always busy an aspect that reduced their free time which could

Critical Research Paper Influences Paper Proposal

Critical Paper Influences Paper - Research Proposal Example Ð…amuel Langhorne ClemenÃ'• (Mark Twain) waÃ'• born in Florida, MiÃ'•Ã'•ouri, of a Virginian family. The family Ã'•oon moved to Hannibal, MiÃ'•Ã'•ouri, where Twain waÃ'• brought up. At Ã'•chool, accroding to hiÃ'• own wordÃ'•, he "excelled only in Ã'•pelling". After hiÃ'• fatherÃ'• death in 1847, Twain waÃ'• apprenticed to a printer. Her alÃ'•o Ã'•tarted hiÃ'• career aÃ'• a journaliÃ'•t by writing for the Hannibal Journal. Later Twain worked aÃ'• a licenÃ'•ed MiÃ'•Ã'•iÃ'•Ã'•ippi river-boat pilot (1857-61). HiÃ'• famouÃ'• penname Twain adopted from the call (Mark twain! – meaning by the mark of two fathomÃ'•) uÃ'•ed when Ã'•ounding river Ã'•hallowÃ'•. But thiÃ'• iÃ'•nt the full Ã'•tory: he had alÃ'•o Ã'•atirized an older writer, IÃ'•aiah Ð…ellerÃ'•, who called himÃ'•elf Mark Twain. In 1861 Twain Ã'•erved briefly aÃ'• a confederate irregular. The Civil War put an end to the Ã'•teamboat traffic, and during a period when Twain waÃ'• out of work, he lived in a primitive cabin on JackaÃ'•Ã'• Hill and tried hiÃ'• luck aÃ'• a gold-miner. "I would have been more or leÃ'•Ã'• than human if I had not gone mad like the reÃ'•t," he confeÃ'•Ã'•ed. Twain moved to Virginia City, where he edited two yearÃ'• Territorial EnterpriÃ'•e. On February 3, 1863, Mark Twain waÃ'• born when he Ã'•igned a humorouÃ'• travel account with that pÃ'•eudonym. In 1864 Twain left for California, where worked in Ð…an FranciÃ'•co aÃ'• a reporter. After hearing a Ã'•tory about a frog, Twain made an entry in hiÃ'• notebook: "Coleman with hiÃ'• jumping frog – bet a Ã'•tranger $50. – Ð…tranger had no frog and C. got him one: – In the meantime Ã'•tranger filled CÃ'• frog full of Ã'•hot and he couldnt jump. The Ã'•trangerÃ'• frog won." From theÃ'•e lineÃ'• he developed Jim Ð…miley and hiÃ'• Jumping Frog which waÃ'• publiÃ'•hed in The Ð…aturday PreÃ'•Ã'• of New York on the 18th of November in 1865. It waÃ'• reprinted all over the country and became the foundation Ã'•tone of THE CELEBRATED JUMPING FROG OF CALAVERAÐ…

Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 24

Communication - Essay Example Professional communication skills, especially strategic, leadership and organizational communication help individuals to develop competence in communication in their areas of expertise (Birkinshaw, 10). Most individuals who take up Masters’ degree classes in Communication are professionals seeking to enhance their knowledge in communication beyond basic communication. Aside from training students on essential communication skills, the institution works to instill a passion for theoretical and intellectual discovery that goes beyond the expectations of the course and the career objectives of students. The UCCS encourages students to undertake their own research into communication as a discipline. This research is supplementary to the lessons learnt in class that are ascribed to communication such as essential skills of effective communication and the application of these skills to different relevant settings (McKay & Martha, 79). According to the program’s homepage, the expectation upon graduation is that every student will possess an advanced and broad-based understanding and knowledge of the processes of communication and the theories concerning organizational communication relevant to the student’s area of interest. This is important, considering the fact that in any career, communication is imperative to performing well (Birkinshaw, 18). Knowledge and understanding of organizational communication enables a professional to relate well with his or her colleagues at the workplace. Issues such as the effective delivery of instructions espouse satisfactory performance, which leads to effectiveness in undertaking duties (Worth, 40). The program also intends to equip every student with communication skills. Communication skills entail the analysis of contexts and critical thinking. With regard to critical thinking, students are taught to process

Crisis Intervention with a Biblical Worldview Research Paper

Crisis Intervention with a Biblical Worldview - Research Paper Example There are different styles used under crisis intervention and among of them are screening/assessment from medical model and problem solving from alternate services. Crisis intervention is found to be a suitable management strategy for people with suicidal tendency (Berrino et al., 2011). It is also a proven effective strategy that can be applied in the midst and after of natural disasters (Bronisch et al., 2006). Crisis intervention is therefore a remarkable strategy that aims to restore the ability of an individual to adapt to its immediate environment and its adverse impacts. Crisis intervention therefore should require more encouraging words in the hope that it will help the individual understands the true meaning and value of life. People experience crisis in life when they are faced with obstacles to their important goals or are both faced with dangers and opportunities (James, 2008). Handling situation like this primarily requires important choices and encouraging words to rema rkably create better perspectives out of the problem. Jesus reminded us the importance of encouraging words and the value of our choices in life. He believed that people are more valuable than any other things on earth and nobody should worry on what to come in their lives because God certainly is able to provide everything for them (Luke 12:24). Thus, he simply tried to point out the fact that we are certainly not totally in control of ourselves but there is God who simply takes control over everything else. However, he also emphasized that each one has the choice to worry or not. Thus, effective counseling in crisis intervention is therefore a matter of effective participation of the concerned person. When an individual is not able to take control of his own self and his balance over everything is disrupted, crisis is doomed to come in his life (Dattilio and Freeman, 2007). This emphasizes the fact that the most important move to sustain him from his balance is an effective

Arthropod pests Essay Example for Free

Arthropod pests Essay The concern that human society will be inevitably obsessed with death is a valid one. Although there may be people today who escape depressing thoughts of death, all will be distraught after reading only a few lines of the Lament for Ignacio Sanchez Mejias. This essay will analyze parts of the work by Federico Lorca and provide some basic interpretations and thoughts on the subject. Beginning with the first line of the lament, the reader is struck with an overwhelming sense of time—five in the afternoon. It fills the mind as the words continue. â€Å"It was exactly five in the afternoon. † Ignacio has obviously died. The time of day is noted, and the question arises immediately: why repeat the time â€Å"five in the afternoon† after every line (up to five times)! I think the point of repeating the time excessively is to pound a feeling of monotony that accompanies utter grief into the mind of the reader. Also, it provides a broad scope to help the reader understand how many hopelessly depressing things are going on at once. A possible answer, then, is that the lament needs synchronization in order to deliver the correct emotions that Lorca felt. For example, leaving out the repeated time, the first stanza becomes, â€Å"A boy brought the white sheet, A frail of lime ready prepared, The rest was death, and death alone. † In this version, the reader feels like three mundane, somewhat depressing things are happening in sequence as opposed to feeling a horrifying realization of the simultaneous events surrounding the loss of a close friend. Without the repetition it may still seem sad, but nowhere near as powerful as the original. Adding the repetition back in, one feels as though time has been stopped during a metaphorical symphony of pain from grief. As the horrible moment continues, Lorca adds additional imagery: â€Å"Groups of silence in the corners†¦ A coffin on wheels is his bed†¦ The room was iridescent with agony†¦ In the distance the gangrene now comes†¦ The wounds were burning like suns†¦ at five in the afternoon. At five in the afternoon. Ah, that fatal five in the afternoon! It was five by all the clocks! It was five in the shade of the afternoon! † It is no accident that we read of the time of day five times at the end of this section. Also, both of the first two stanzas contain five references to the time as well, almost suffocating us with the existence of the terrible hour. Lorca perfectly displays the effect of death on the human mind. Cluttered with the details most ignored in regular life, our brains (perhaps as a self-defense to keep us alive) go through an almost physical withdrawal when those near to us die. In conclusion, It is obvious that our lives revolve around death whether we like it or not. Death is the nemesis of survival, and survival is our primary goal in life as humans. Reproduction, social reform, religion, or anything else we live for (even hedonism) must manifest itself through survival of ourselves or others. Thus, as long as we survive, humans will always be obsessed with death.